Pith Number

pith:FLJWGOEG

pith:2021:FLJWGOEGHVBQNQF7ZR5MJMHEMZ

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

On the Copying Behaviors of Pre-Training for Neural Machine Translation

Derek F. Wong, Liang Ding, Lidia S. Chao, Longyue Wang, Shuming Shi, Xuebo Liu, Zhaopeng Tu

arxiv:2107.08212 v1 · 2021-07-17 · cs.CL · cs.LG

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{FLJWGOEGHVBQNQF7ZR5MJMHEMZ}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T02:58:46.779501Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

2ad36338863d4306c0bfcc7ac4b0e4666a904130fca748e47afea1c11433d5af

Aliases

arxiv: 2107.08212 · arxiv_version: 2107.08212v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2107.08212 · pith_short_12: FLJWGOEGHVBQ · pith_short_16: FLJWGOEGHVBQNQF7 · pith_short_8: FLJWGOEG

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/FLJWGOEGHVBQNQF7ZR5MJMHEMZ \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 2ad36338863d4306c0bfcc7ac4b0e4666a904130fca748e47afea1c11433d5af

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "1212cf6537847745eac4e7535afcc950081af40220a22aa774b2ec5f968640e4",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.LG"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.CL",
    "submitted_at": "2021-07-17T10:02:30Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "4bc450a74b9381c140856ce0cecfd7256cc6975711ce5dcc5836f9f639ea8523"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2107.08212",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}