Pith Number

pith:FM3E5DPB

pith:2021:FM3E5DPBYBURFCOO7QA4723JPX

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

On the Convergence Theory for Hessian-Free Bilevel Algorithms

Daouda Sow, Kaiyi Ji, Yingbin Liang

arxiv:2110.07004 v3 · 2021-10-13 · cs.LG · math.OC · stat.ML

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{FM3E5DPBYBURFCOO7QA4723JPX}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Cited by

1 paper in Pith

CHAL: Council of Hierarchical Agentic Language

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T04:29:10.047250Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

2b364e8de1c0691289cefc01cfeb697df47154f2edda246aa00464a17fdda3e4

Aliases

arxiv: 2110.07004 · arxiv_version: 2110.07004v3 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2110.07004 · pith_short_12: FM3E5DPBYBUR · pith_short_16: FM3E5DPBYBURFCOO · pith_short_8: FM3E5DPB

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/FM3E5DPBYBURFCOO7QA4723JPX \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 2b364e8de1c0691289cefc01cfeb697df47154f2edda246aa00464a17fdda3e4

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "45b0eba7b6f52c7f97c3e032499ae810b1881d7142d3a084f296e5c78817bcc4",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "math.OC",
      "stat.ML"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.LG",
    "submitted_at": "2021-10-13T19:36:50Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "c9858c1cca7bbd05da90cfc780725b8ba71c0a72ed74c4815392f0f1df1e4f1e"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2110.07004",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 3
  }
}