Pith Number

pith:FQBBRCMK

pith:2026:FQBBRCMKCRXVCYF7TPZNQ7Y63C

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

TInR: Exploring Tool-Internalized Reasoning in Large Language Models

Fan Liu, Hongru Wang, Min Yang, Qiancheng Xu, Wenjie Li, Yongqi Li

Internalizing tool knowledge into LLMs enables coordinated reasoning and tool use without external documentation at inference time.

arxiv:2604.10788 v2 · 2026-04-12 · cs.CL · cs.AI

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{FQBBRCMKCRXVCYF7TPZNQ7Y63C}

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Record completeness

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2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

Experiment results show that TInR-U achieves superior performance in both in-domain and out-of-domain settings, highlighting its effectiveness and efficiency.

C2weakest assumption

That tool knowledge can be reliably internalized into LLM parameters through the described three-phase pipeline such that reasoning and tool use remain coordinated without external documentation at inference time.

C3one line summary

TInR-U internalizes tool knowledge into LLMs via bidirectional alignment, supervised fine-tuning, and reinforcement learning, outperforming standard tool-integrated reasoning in both in-domain and out-of-domain evaluations.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-06-02T01:03:47.029686Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

2c0218898a146f5160bf9bf2d87f1ed883c05e106f236ca3900a5cb0c2772316

Aliases

arxiv: 2604.10788 · arxiv_version: 2604.10788v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2604.10788 · pith_short_12: FQBBRCMKCRXV · pith_short_16: FQBBRCMKCRXVCYF7 · pith_short_8: FQBBRCMK

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/FQBBRCMKCRXVCYF7TPZNQ7Y63C \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 2c0218898a146f5160bf9bf2d87f1ed883c05e106f236ca3900a5cb0c2772316

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "f323f0d306229f5b20287c5c0015ea271036215dc99af197e509144c8b2daa08",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.AI"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.CL",
    "submitted_at": "2026-04-12T19:38:19Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "3f0f4dfa332fc874642ee8db1f05601013ee065ea51efc86a8f45f516bdcd645"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2604.10788",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}