Pith Number

pith:GXHTSAJP

pith:2026:GXHTSAJPNYVZGKHLOO6IRKVQBC

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Confinement of Massive Ghost in Quadratic Gravity

Ichiro Oda

Bound state with Faddeev-Popov ghost confines massive ghost via BRST quartet in quadratic gravity

arxiv:2605.01966 v2 · 2026-05-03 · hep-th · gr-qc · hep-ph

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\pithnumber{GXHTSAJPNYVZGKHLOO6IRKVQBC}

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Record completeness

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2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

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The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

It is shown that if there is a bound state between the massive ghost and Faddeev-Popov ghost the massive ghost is confined in the zero-norm states through the BRST quartet mechanism, thereby the unitarity being restored.

C2weakest assumption

The existence of a bound state between the massive ghost and the Faddeev-Popov ghost, together with the applicability of the Bonora-Tonin superfield formulation that forces the massive ghost's asymptotic field to be a massive dipole.

C3one line summary

In quadratic gravity a bound state between the massive ghost and Faddeev-Popov ghost confines the ghost via the BRST quartet, with its asymptotic field behaving as a massive dipole while the bound state obeys a massive Klein-Gordon equation.

Cited by

2 papers in Pith

Color Confinement and Massive Gluon in Superfield Formalism

Dissipative stabilization of Ostrogradsky modes in non-equilibrium field theory

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-06-30T01:17:39.154033Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

35cf39012f6e2b9328eb73bc88aab008956adab9b212370ea699198052fd5351

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.01966 · arxiv_version: 2605.01966v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2605.01966 · pith_short_12: GXHTSAJPNYVZ · pith_short_16: GXHTSAJPNYVZGKHL · pith_short_8: GXHTSAJP

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/GXHTSAJPNYVZGKHLOO6IRKVQBC \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 35cf39012f6e2b9328eb73bc88aab008956adab9b212370ea699198052fd5351

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "a7bbe4e568ef5d7338393ec086541bb120062355ebf028d1283d81b1b797c3f8",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "gr-qc",
      "hep-ph"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "hep-th",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-03T16:52:42Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "3cce75f9c29bd71b9754561b257bfbc936ff73d02a673cd60f5250c720936ea9"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2605.01966",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}