Pith Number

pith:HXLEITS4

pith:2026:HXLEITS4ZMTXXMKOYJYW7UGJDU

not attested not anchored not stored refs resolved

Diffractive cascades for polychromatic hard X-ray focusing

Charles Roques-Carmes, Joshua Chen, Marin Solja\v{c}i\'c, Simo Pajovic, William Michaels

Diffractive cascades designed through topology optimization focus hard X-rays at 40% efficiency with a maximum aspect ratio of 8, compared to 3% for conventional zone plates.

arxiv:2605.15526 v1 · 2026-05-15 · physics.optics

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{HXLEITS4ZMTXXMKOYJYW7UGJDU}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

When restricting the structures to a maximum aspect ratio of 8, a diffractive cascade can achieve a focusing efficiency of 40%, far exceeding the 3% efficiency of a zone plate with the same aspect ratio.

C2weakest assumption

Numerical simulations of the optimized diffractive cascades accurately predict physical performance, including efficiency, robustness to fabrication errors, alignment, and heating.

C3one line summary

Topology optimization designs diffractive cascades for hard X-ray focusing achieving 40% efficiency at aspect ratio 8, exceeding zone plate performance.

References

66 extracted · 66 resolved · 0 Pith anchors

[1] A. Sakdinawat and D. Attwood, Nanoscale x-ray imaging, Na- ture photonics4, 840 (2010) 2010

[2] A. Snigirev, V . Kohn, I. Snigireva, and B. Lengeler, A com- pound refractive lens for focusing high-energy x-rays, Nature 384, 49 (1996) 1996

[3] B. Lengeler, C. Schroer, M. Richwin, J. T ¨ummler, M. Drakopoulos, A. Snigirev, and I. Snigireva, A micro- scope for hard x rays based on parabolic compound refractive lenses, Applied physics letters7 1999

[4] H. Yumoto, Y . Inubushi, T. Osaka, I. Inoue, T. Koyama, K. Tono, M. Yabashi, and H. Ohashi, Nanofocusing optics for an x-ray free-electron laser generating an extreme intensity of 100 ew/cm2 using tot 2020

[5] Y . Takeo, A. Suzuki, H. Motoyama, Y . Takei, T. Kume, Y . Mat- suzawa, Y . Senba, H. Kishimoto, H. Ohashi, and H. Mimura, Soft x-ray nanobeam formed by an ellipsoidal mirror, Applied Physics Letters1 2020

Formal links

1 machine-checked theorem link

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-20T00:01:03.446617Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

3dd6444e5ccb277bb14ec2716fd0c91d1514a91fe28654daa87d6853db7924aa

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.15526 · arxiv_version: 2605.15526v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2605.15526 · pith_short_12: HXLEITS4ZMTX · pith_short_16: HXLEITS4ZMTXXMKO · pith_short_8: HXLEITS4

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/HXLEITS4ZMTXXMKOYJYW7UGJDU \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 3dd6444e5ccb277bb14ec2716fd0c91d1514a91fe28654daa87d6853db7924aa

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "3eedec2ed2e570b8437ab5240e1683eee2eb1a52534250c07ffcb5ca8d011a42",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "physics.optics",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-15T01:50:32Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "ef29b6a90582027f92d6eea6e22941165f2cd8344a4bfbb9a620faa3fb38f711"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2605.15526",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}