Pith Number

pith:ID6VFGRS

pith:2015:ID6VFGRSTGVC2AXSF6DMCUAM4R

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

A New Class of Problems in the Calculus of Variations

Ivar Ekeland, Qinglong Zhou, Yiming Long

arxiv:1511.00065 v1 · 2015-10-31 · q-fin.EC · math.OC

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{ID6VFGRSTGVC2AXSF6DMCUAM4R}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T01:28:13.444622Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

40fd529a3299aa2d02f22f86c1500ce46a68f77034a8b56ad44bc3e0e9d89495

Aliases

arxiv: 1511.00065 · arxiv_version: 1511.00065v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.1511.00065 · pith_short_12: ID6VFGRSTGVC · pith_short_16: ID6VFGRSTGVC2AXS · pith_short_8: ID6VFGRS

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/ID6VFGRSTGVC2AXSF6DMCUAM4R \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 40fd529a3299aa2d02f22f86c1500ce46a68f77034a8b56ad44bc3e0e9d89495

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "f87e30e7131e8bd56fe52830a760bc12ba031ccb65549c35711e7c7055362f7c",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "math.OC"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "q-fin.EC",
    "submitted_at": "2015-10-31T03:30:44Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "63816e07496774ded312b735104dd8f9e728f007fb120444d71ee3ac31b2383e"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "1511.00065",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}