Pith Number

pith:JSBXWCEH

pith:2026:JSBXWCEHZAEL5DX244IESZYEKY

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Low-confinement silicon nitride waveguides manufactured via direct glass bonding

Alexandr R. Shevchenko, Alexandr S. Rykov, Dmitry V. Obydennov, Ivan A. Filippov, Maxim V. Shibalov, Michael A. Tarkhov, Mikhail V. Tsvetkov, Nikita Yu. Dmitriev, Stepan D. Perov

Thermal fusion bonding of glass wafers creates thick symmetric cladding for low-confinement silicon nitride waveguides.

arxiv:2604.12814 v3 · 2026-04-14 · physics.optics

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{JSBXWCEHZAEL5DX244IESZYEKY}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

we propose and experimentally demonstrate an alternative technology for forming low-confinement waveguides based on Borofloat 33 glass, based on thermal fusion bonding of two glass wafers... transmission of up to 60% was obtained, corresponding to input/output coupling losses of 1 dB per facet and consistent with numerical estimates.

C2weakest assumption

That thermal fusion bonding of the glass wafers produces defect-free, high-quality interfaces and sufficiently thick symmetric cladding to suppress radiative losses and parasitic scattering as claimed, without introducing new loss mechanisms at the bond interface.

C3one line summary

A direct glass bonding process produces low-confinement SiN waveguides with 50 nm core height that achieve up to 60% transmission at 1550 nm when coupled to standard fiber.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-29T01:05:09.544475Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

4c837b0887c808be8efae7104967045630703db8bb905917846dd0a35af9e504

Aliases

arxiv: 2604.12814 · arxiv_version: 2604.12814v3 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2604.12814 · pith_short_12: JSBXWCEHZAEL · pith_short_16: JSBXWCEHZAEL5DX2 · pith_short_8: JSBXWCEH

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/JSBXWCEHZAEL5DX244IESZYEKY \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 4c837b0887c808be8efae7104967045630703db8bb905917846dd0a35af9e504

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "562e73cae4f59caa07086e7b0d96cf609dd101533aac0bcbefd694b50af823ef",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "physics.optics",
    "submitted_at": "2026-04-14T14:42:42Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "3debc13f63a1916824404ed56433485551485c2ea4c65cd9f84b06193a6b1360"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2604.12814",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 3
  }
}