Pith Number

pith:KP3ER2ZM

pith:2012:KP3ER2ZMRSCJLCVIUZSZR7XCAF

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

The Evaluation of Causal Effects in Studies with an Unobserved Exposure/Outcome Variable: Bounds and Identification

Manabu Kuroki, Zhihong Cai

arxiv:1206.3267 v1 · 2012-06-13 · stat.ME · cs.AI

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{KP3ER2ZMRSCJLCVIUZSZR7XCAF}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T03:53:30.902937Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

53f648eb2c8c84958aa8a66598fee2014dbca7a4082f8e8f5e934737e8ffd685

Aliases

arxiv: 1206.3267 · arxiv_version: 1206.3267v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.1206.3267 · pith_short_12: KP3ER2ZMRSCJ · pith_short_16: KP3ER2ZMRSCJLCVI · pith_short_8: KP3ER2ZM

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/KP3ER2ZMRSCJLCVIUZSZR7XCAF \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 53f648eb2c8c84958aa8a66598fee2014dbca7a4082f8e8f5e934737e8ffd685

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "da27cc2677946911719bd3beb80be774511364ec34ede6263f1791174901f107",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.AI"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "stat.ME",
    "submitted_at": "2012-06-13T15:36:40Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "3b403179e9540b42e12c921f5aed406871f0ba42aa7df9611e5ab160464d3025"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "1206.3267",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}