Pith Number

pith:KPWEH5AG

pith:2026:KPWEH5AGYRPE4GTXECSBIQL54Q

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From Particles to Policy: Technical Building Blocks for Multi-State SAI Coordination

A. Spector, D. Kushnir, M. C. Waxman, R. Yahav

Engineered particles for stratospheric aerosol injection let observers measure the cooling effect and trace particle origins independently of who releases them.

arxiv:2605.14947 v1 · 2026-05-14 · physics.ao-ph · physics.geo-ph · physics.soc-ph

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Claims

C1strongest claim

These engineered properties also open up options for any future multi-state coordination of SAI through two technical building blocks: (1) the SAI-induced radiative forcing (SRF) - the magnitude of the cooling effect attributable specifically to the SAI layer - as an operator-independent quantity, derivable from direct aerosol-layer measurements; and (2) particle traceability through identifying signatures embedded at production.

C2weakest assumption

That direct aerosol-layer measurements can reliably derive an operator-independent SRF value and that embedded signatures will enable practical traceability at relevant scales, allowing these metrics to support coordination as historical precedents suggest.

C3one line summary

Engineered particles for SAI enable operator-independent radiative forcing measurements and traceability signatures that could anchor compliance in a shared monitoring database.

References

62 extracted · 62 resolved · 0 Pith anchors

[1] G. Myhre, Ø. Hodnebrog, N. G. Loeb, and P. M. Forster, Observed trend in Earth’s energy imbalance may provide a constraint for low climate sensitivity models, Science388, 1210 (2025) 2025

[2] Waxmanet al.,A proposal for the safety and controllability requirements that SRM systems should meet, White Paper (Stardust Labs, 2026) 2026

[3] Stardust Labs, Composite sub-micron solid particles engineered to enable safe, controllable, efficient, and practical SAI (2026), in preparation 2026

[4] J. B. Horton, W. Smith, and D. W. Keith, Who could deploy stratospheric aerosol injection? The United States, China, and large-scale, rapid planetary cooling, Global Policy (2025) 2025

[5] J. B. Horton, Geoengineering and the myth of unilateralism: Pressures and prospects for international cooperation, Stanford Journal of Law, Science & Policy4(2011) 2011

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-17T23:38:55.414805Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

53ec43f406c45e4e1a7720a414417de438417303b6389b6222ccc65ceaf2ba7a

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.14947 · arxiv_version: 2605.14947v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2605.14947 · pith_short_12: KPWEH5AGYRPE · pith_short_16: KPWEH5AGYRPE4GTX · pith_short_8: KPWEH5AG

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Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/KPWEH5AGYRPE4GTXECSBIQL54Q \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 53ec43f406c45e4e1a7720a414417de438417303b6389b6222ccc65ceaf2ba7a

Canonical record JSON

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    "cross_cats_sorted": [
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      "physics.soc-ph"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "physics.ao-ph",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-14T15:19:27Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "75cf24c86c11d9272d8b581019a5aa511396eaa0d17ec5d28d87efc3452acc9a"
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  "source": {
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    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}