Pith Number

pith:LN27VYBA

pith:2020:LN27VYBABEOAEZL357HZONH4YD

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

A Generic First-Order Algorithmic Framework for Bi-Level Programming Beyond Lower-Level Singleton

Jin Zhang, Pan Mu, Risheng Liu, Shangzhi Zeng, Xiaoming Yuan

arxiv:2006.04045 v2 · 2020-06-07 · cs.LG · cs.CV · math.DS · math.OC · stat.ML

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{LN27VYBABEOAEZL357HZONH4YD}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T01:15:39.364222Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

5b75fae020091c02657befcf9734fcc0c64e941600cc2b3426619c2b0729cf23

Aliases

arxiv: 2006.04045 · arxiv_version: 2006.04045v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2006.04045 · pith_short_12: LN27VYBABEOA · pith_short_16: LN27VYBABEOAEZL3 · pith_short_8: LN27VYBA

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/LN27VYBABEOAEZL357HZONH4YD \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 5b75fae020091c02657befcf9734fcc0c64e941600cc2b3426619c2b0729cf23

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "f44b2b2866c57278edbac6c68546d3703050341c8ece470d5d5d8bb96ec5c89f",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.CV",
      "math.DS",
      "math.OC",
      "stat.ML"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.LG",
    "submitted_at": "2020-06-07T05:18:50Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "5ca8226b13760ef37cf78b841a33a32f23e7b0f6cdc38eed3ec1cafc6884a79e"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2006.04045",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}