Pith Number

pith:MYA2QLYJ

pith:2026:MYA2QLYJEQDJTHR4BPH3V3FAWI

not attested not anchored not stored refs resolved

Localized inhomogeneity and position-dependent stability of migratory bird formations

Jiang Hui, Nariya Uchida

Changing one bird's wingspan keeps a formation stable only within position-specific limits, with tighter tolerance at the outer wing than near the leader.

arxiv:2605.14127 v1 · 2026-05-13 · nlin.PS · physics.flu-dyn

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{MYA2QLYJEQDJTHR4BPH3V3FAWI}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

The stability range depends strongly on the position of the modified bird, being narrower near the outer wing and broader near the leader.

C2weakest assumption

The lifting-line model with horseshoe-vortex representation accurately captures the longitudinal dynamics of aerodynamic interactions among the birds.

C3one line summary

In a modeled bird formation, the allowable wingspan variation for stability is narrower for a modified bird at the outer wing than near the leader.

References

46 extracted · 46 resolved · 0 Pith anchors

[1] B. Voelkl and J. Fritz, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B372, 20160235 (2017) 2017

[2] M. Andersson and J. Wallander, Behavioral Ecology15, 158 (2004) 2004

[3] I. L. Bajec and F. H. Heppner, Anim. Behav.78, 777 (2009) 2009

[4] P. Ward, Anim. Behav.26, 1273 (1978) 1978

[5] F. H. Heppner, Bird-Banding45, 160 (1974) 1974

Formal links

1 machine-checked theorem link

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-17T23:39:11.835984Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

6601a82f092406999e3c0bcfbaeca0b20bb46bdfe0113ae7eaf93cdfade3893a

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.14127 · arxiv_version: 2605.14127v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2605.14127 · pith_short_12: MYA2QLYJEQDJ · pith_short_16: MYA2QLYJEQDJTHR4 · pith_short_8: MYA2QLYJ

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/MYA2QLYJEQDJTHR4BPH3V3FAWI \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 6601a82f092406999e3c0bcfbaeca0b20bb46bdfe0113ae7eaf93cdfade3893a

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "ecdb08579fe0e561bebcd081c8bd673f8a20fa85c79a085fc03f553b6db327a7",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "physics.flu-dyn"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "nlin.PS",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-13T21:27:27Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "bc97f512349cd295460bd214932d9da50c6606aebcee85748fe033cb362c8599"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2605.14127",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}