Pith Number

pith:NL4Z5DBO

pith:2026:NL4Z5DBO6DKGPYRUSAZFT4I327

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Second-order moment equivalence of twisted Gaussian Schell model beams and orbital angular momentum eigenmodes

E. S. G\'omez, G. Ca\~nas, G. Lima, G. Santos, Lucas Hutter, S. Ayala, S. P. Walborn, T. Ferreira

Covariance matrices of coherent OAM eigenmodes and twisted Gaussian Schell-model beams are identical

arxiv:2605.15408 v1 · 2026-05-14 · physics.optics · quant-ph

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Record completeness

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4 Citations open

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Claims

C1strongest claim

the covariance matrix of any cylindrically symmetric coherent orbital angular momentum (OAM) eigenmode with quantum number ℓ takes a universal form depending only on ⟨r²⟩, ⟨k_r²⟩, and ℓ, independently of the radial profile, and that this form is identical to the covariance matrix of a twisted Gaussian Schell-model (TGSM) beam

C2weakest assumption

That the covariance matrix alone fully governs second-moment evolution under arbitrary ABCD (symplectic) transformations, as stated in the abstract to conclude that matched beams are second-order indistinguishable at every propagation plane.

C3one line summary

Covariance matrices of coherent OAM eigenmodes and TGSM beams share identical structure and zero/nonzero pattern, enabling second-order equivalence under ABCD transformations for arbitrary radial profiles.

References

44 extracted · 44 resolved · 1 Pith anchors

[1] L. Allen, M. W. Beijersbergen, R. J. C. Spreeuw, and J. P. Woerdman, Physical Review A45, 8185 (1992) 1992

[2] V. Bagini, F. Frezza, M. Santarsiero, G. Schettini, and G. Schirripa Spagnolo, Journal of Modern Optics43, 1155 (1996) 1996

[3] D. McGloin and K. Dholakia, Contemporary Physics46, 15 (2005) 2005

[4] G. Molina-Terriza, J. P. Torres, and L. Torner, Nature Physics3, 305 (2007) 2007

[5] A. E. Willner, H. Huang, Y. Yan, Y. Ren, N. Ahmed, G. Xie, C. Bao, L. Li, Y. Cao, Z. Zhao, et al., Adv. Opt. Photon.7, 66 (2015), URLhttps://opg.optica.org/ aop/abstract.cfm?URI=aop-7-1-66 2015

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-20T00:00:57.072902Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

6af99e8c2ef0d467e234903259f11bd7d5cf9bd7fc4e70438630f92e73c52580

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.15408 · arxiv_version: 2605.15408v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2605.15408 · pith_short_12: NL4Z5DBO6DKG · pith_short_16: NL4Z5DBO6DKGPYRU · pith_short_8: NL4Z5DBO

Agent API

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Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/NL4Z5DBO6DKGPYRUSAZFT4I327 \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 6af99e8c2ef0d467e234903259f11bd7d5cf9bd7fc4e70438630f92e73c52580

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "5cbb678132f0a9b2dbc28b6722c6b664ae3d7302ad58cd52f2690cf67935bce4",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "physics.optics",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-14T20:48:36Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "12e2e5c69bcfa6976ce02d273b0b63c4b776223143d1407be27d80883470419d"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2605.15408",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}