Pith Number

pith:ORKM7IU3

pith:2016:ORKM7IU3BTNSYHXMCYDVQ4EUFH

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Using instrumental variables to disentangle treatment and placebo effects in blinded and unblinded randomized clinical trials influenced by unmeasured confounders

Elias Chaibub Neto

arxiv:1606.04896 v2 · 2016-06-15 · stat.AP

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{ORKM7IU3BTNSYHXMCYDVQ4EUFH}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T01:12:11.337209Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

7454cfa29b0cdb2c1eec160758709429cc141f9589b6fae9849213c50edc6f3e

Aliases

arxiv: 1606.04896 · arxiv_version: 1606.04896v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.1606.04896 · pith_short_12: ORKM7IU3BTNS · pith_short_16: ORKM7IU3BTNSYHXM · pith_short_8: ORKM7IU3

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/ORKM7IU3BTNSYHXMCYDVQ4EUFH \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 7454cfa29b0cdb2c1eec160758709429cc141f9589b6fae9849213c50edc6f3e

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "fc6a37be4063debbf04efdf3f7eacbed399392da656e188dacf4589459a200ec",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "stat.AP",
    "submitted_at": "2016-06-15T18:36:46Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "626caf3780b497bf365d7ea52602485a0efedc7cbbe312ba35463fdbebc96a96"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "1606.04896",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}