Pith Number

pith:P4O6AP6X

pith:2012:P4O6AP6XQMHBBHIPR2NQKBRDPE

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Effects of Treatment on the Treated: Identification and Generalization

Ilya Shpitser, Judea Pearl

arxiv:1205.2615 v1 · 2012-05-09 · stat.ME · cs.AI

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{P4O6AP6XQMHBBHIPR2NQKBRDPE}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T03:55:47.902768Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

7f1de03fd7830e109d0f8e9b05062379201979fd4526348b6a3bc8e930061971

Aliases

arxiv: 1205.2615 · arxiv_version: 1205.2615v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.1205.2615 · pith_short_12: P4O6AP6XQMHB · pith_short_16: P4O6AP6XQMHBBHIP · pith_short_8: P4O6AP6X

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/P4O6AP6XQMHBBHIPR2NQKBRDPE \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 7f1de03fd7830e109d0f8e9b05062379201979fd4526348b6a3bc8e930061971

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "2ee3cd2b2e501909b9d2dc59b1776d64bb5c8cc8aad91161078bb221d390f857",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.AI"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "stat.ME",
    "submitted_at": "2012-05-09T18:29:08Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "b01a96a7800db32c76ef5f53c9cbe2517d2a780ad0d6ff579de4f19b83eeb693"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "1205.2615",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}