Pith Number

pith:PEFDALGX

pith:2023:PEFDALGXWJR5CGTDDRXUVOOXQD

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

The NANOGrav 15-year Data Set: Search for Signals from New Physics

Aaron D. Johnson, Abhimanyu Susobhanan, Adam Brazier, Adeela Afzal, Akash Anumarlapudi, Alexander McEwen, Andrea Mitridate, Andrew R. Kaiser, Anne M. Archibald, Ann Schmiedekamp, Belinda D. Cheeseboro, Bence B\'ecsy, Benetge B. P. Perera, Bradley W. Meyers, Brendan Drachler, Brent J. Shapiro-Albert, Caitlin A. Witt, Caner Unal, Carl Schmiedekamp, Cherry Ng, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, Chung-Pei Ma, Curt J. Cutler, Dallas DeGan, Daniel R. Stinebring, David J. Nice, David L. Kaplan, David Wright, Deborah C. Good, Duncan R. Lorimer, Dustin R. Madison, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, Emmanuel Fonseca, Fronefield Crawford, Gabriel E. Freedman, Gabriella Agazie, Haley M. Wahl, Heling Deng, Henri A. Radovan, H. Thankful Cromartie, Ingrid H. Stairs, Jacob E. Turner, Jacob Taylor, James M. Cordes, James W. McKee, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Jerry P. Sun, Jing Luo, Joey S. Key, Jonathan Nay, Jose Juan Blanco-Pillado, Joseph D. Romano, Joseph Glaser, Joseph K. Swiggum, Joseph Simon, Kai Schmitz, Katerina Chatziioannou, Kathryn Crowter, Kathryn M. Zurek (for the NANOGrav Collaboration), Kayhan G\"ultekin, Ken D. Olum, Kevin Stovall, Kimberly K. Boddy, Kristina Islo, Kyle A. Gersbach, Laura Blecha, Levi Schult, Luke Zoltan Kelley, Lydia Guertin, Magdalena S. Siwek, Maria Charisi, Matthew Kerr, Maura A. McLaughlin, Megan E. DeCesar, Megan L. Jones, Michael T. Lam, Michele Vallisneri, Natalia Lewandowska, Natasha McMann, Nate Garver-Daniels, Neil J. Cornish, Nihan S. Pol, Nima Laal, Olivia Young, Patrick M. Meyers, Paul B. Demorest, Paul R. Brook, Paul S. Ray, Paul T. Baker, Peter A. Gentile, Peter Stratmann, Polina Petrov, Priyamvada Natarajan, Qiaohong Wang, Rafael R. Lino dos Santos, Rand Burnette, Richard von Eckardstein, Robin Case, Ross J. Jennings, Ryan S. Lynch, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Sarah J. Vigeland, Scott M. Ransom, Shami Chatterjee, Shashwat C. Sardesai, Siyuan Chen, Sonali Verma, Sophie Hourihane, Stella Koch Ocker, Stephen R. Taylor, Tanner Trickle, Timothy Dolch, Timothy T. Pennucci, Tingting Liu, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Tobias Schr\"oder, Tyler Cohen, Tyson B. Littenberg, Vincent S. H. Lee, William Fiore, William G. Lamb, Xavier Siemens, Zaven Arzoumanian

The NANOGrav 15-year pulsar timing data can be reproduced by several cosmological gravitational wave sources, which often fit the observations better than supermassive black hole binaries.

arxiv:2306.16219 v1 · 2023-06-28 · astro-ph.HE · astro-ph.CO · gr-qc · hep-ph

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{PEFDALGXWJR5CGTDDRXUVOOXQD}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

With the exception of stable cosmic strings of field theory origin, all these models can reproduce the observed signal. When compared to the standard interpretation in terms of inspiraling supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs), many cosmological models seem to provide a better fit resulting in Bayes factors in the range from 10 to 100.

C2weakest assumption

These results strongly depend on modeling assumptions about the cosmic SMBHB population and, at this stage, should not be regarded as evidence for new physics.

C3one line summary

NANOGrav 15-year data can be matched by multiple cosmological sources including phase transitions and strings with Bayes factors favoring them over black hole binaries, while yielding new upper limits on ultralight dark matter couplings.

Formal links

2 machine-checked theorem links

Cited by

37 papers in Pith

Thermodynamical uncertainties for primordial black holes from cosmological phase transitions

Gravitational waves from cosmic strings with friction: analytical approximations and parameter space

Finite Populations & Finite Time: The Non-Gaussianity of a Gravitational Wave Background

LISA as a probe of pre-big-bang physics: a nested sampling analysis

Opening the Window of Ultra-Light PBHs by Exorcising the Poltergeist

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-17T23:38:48.948148Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

790a302cd7b263d11a631c6f4ab9d780c13997101fdd8a1c478eba192a043f70

Aliases

arxiv: 2306.16219 · arxiv_version: 2306.16219v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2306.16219 · pith_short_12: PEFDALGXWJR5 · pith_short_16: PEFDALGXWJR5CGTD · pith_short_8: PEFDALGX

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/PEFDALGXWJR5CGTDDRXUVOOXQD \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 790a302cd7b263d11a631c6f4ab9d780c13997101fdd8a1c478eba192a043f70

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "3c2dc270e7f90aadc69c0904eab56df8710962223529435c567bb0f1372382ca",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "astro-ph.CO",
      "gr-qc",
      "hep-ph"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "astro-ph.HE",
    "submitted_at": "2023-06-28T13:51:07Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "86c02d6d48453965c2f38e957844bc20bb0ee0b55216fea3335ae445cce8feef"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2306.16219",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}