Pith Number

pith:PV54SZXU

pith:2023:PV54SZXURCTDJU2DC7JQCYRRYG

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

FLM-101B: An Open LLM and How to Train It with $100K Budget

Aixin Sun, Bowen Qin, Jing Li, Li Du, Peng Han, Siqi Fan, Xiang Li, Xin Jiang, Xuezhi Fang, Xuying Meng, Yequan Wang, Yiqun Yao, Zheng Zhang

arxiv:2309.03852 v3 · 2023-09-07 · cs.CL · cs.AI

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{PV54SZXURCTDJU2DC7JQCYRRYG}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Cited by

2 papers in Pith

Beyond Sunk Costs: Boosting LLM Pre-training Efficiency via Orthogonal Growth of Mixture-of-Experts

A Survey of Large Language Models

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T10:00:33.291206Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

7d7bc966f488a634d34317d3016231c1a4f73fce90dbdc63cbde9cf1be4b0c93

Aliases

arxiv: 2309.03852 · arxiv_version: 2309.03852v3 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2309.03852 · pith_short_12: PV54SZXURCTD · pith_short_16: PV54SZXURCTDJU2D · pith_short_8: PV54SZXU

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/PV54SZXURCTDJU2DC7JQCYRRYG \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 7d7bc966f488a634d34317d3016231c1a4f73fce90dbdc63cbde9cf1be4b0c93

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "44d04be5f99636af844306561042b1e542797315b5a4f93beb51dc2c8e087357",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.AI"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.CL",
    "submitted_at": "2023-09-07T17:07:36Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "ccb1f2b927a5e182a381c50d0af9d7228a1d7dda2d92bd0853e93c77287d4042"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2309.03852",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 3
  }
}