Pith Number

pith:Q5GBDUDS

pith:2026:Q5GBDUDSKZK36GWN2GS5CURZAH

not attested not anchored not stored refs resolved

Radio Emission from Fast Blue Optical Transients Powered by Trans-relativistic Shocks in Confined Circumstellar Material

Jia-Sen Zhang, Liang-Duan Liu, Yun-Wei Yu, Zhao-Sheng Zhang

Trans-relativistic shocks crossing a confined circumstellar shell explain the radio diversity of fast blue optical transients.

arxiv:2605.17280 v1 · 2026-05-17 · astro-ph.HE

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\pithnumber{Q5GBDUDSKZK36GWN2GS5CURZAH}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

their radio diversity can be explained by shock propagation through a finite CSM shell. The early radio evolution is regulated by absorption, while the rapid post-peak fading marks the forward shock's transition from the dense inner CSM into a more tenuous outer environment. The inferred shock velocities are trans-relativistic, v_sh ~0.1--0.5c. The radio-emitting CSM requires high mass-loading rates, M_dot ~10^{-4}--10^{-3} M_sun yr^{-1}, but modest total CSM masses, M_CSM ~10^{-4}--10^{-2} M_sun.

C2weakest assumption

The circumstellar material follows a broken power-law density profile whose break radius and indices are chosen to match the observed radio light-curve shapes, with radio emission arising solely from forward-shock synchrotron radiation subject only to synchrotron self-absorption and external free-free absorption (abstract, paragraphs describing the model framework).

C3one line summary

A synchrotron forward-shock model with confined broken-power-law CSM explains FBOT radio diversity via shock transition out of the dense shell, yielding trans-relativistic velocities of 0.1-0.5c and high but brief mass-loss rates of 10^{-4} to 10^{-3} solar masses per year.

References

35 extracted · 35 resolved · 1 Pith anchors

[1] F., Bartel, N., Argo, M., et al 2021

[2] S., Margutti, R., Matthews, D., et al 2022

[3] Chevalier, R. A. 1982, ApJ, 258, 790 1982

[4] Chevalier, R. A. 1998, ApJ, 499, 810 1998

[5] Chevalier, R. A. & Fransson, C. 2006, ApJ, 651, 381 2006

Formal links

2 machine-checked theorem links

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-20T00:03:49.517012Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

874c11d0725655bf1acdd1a5d1523901f29c750b4674d9ba2de47210ff844103

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.17280 · arxiv_version: 2605.17280v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2605.17280 · pith_short_12: Q5GBDUDSKZK3 · pith_short_16: Q5GBDUDSKZK36GWN · pith_short_8: Q5GBDUDS

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/Q5GBDUDSKZK36GWN2GS5CURZAH \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 874c11d0725655bf1acdd1a5d1523901f29c750b4674d9ba2de47210ff844103

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "1306eaee9e9b386153d568999d60efbe5dc7abef6734ea8fc5ec5e09288d0192",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "astro-ph.HE",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-17T06:25:44Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "ff01e83d344ac3035723b8c0134ee790d38b12f73b2cdfa8e5ae094e99cd1d2f"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2605.17280",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}