Pith Number

pith:QM5L5MKQ

pith:2012:QM5L5MKQELGKOFOMBIQPTPYY2R

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Technical Report: Observability with Random Observations

Borhan M. Sanandaji, Michael B. Wakin, Tyrone L. Vincent

arxiv:1211.4077 v2 · 2012-11-17 · cs.SY

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{QM5L5MKQELGKOFOMBIQPTPYY2R}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T03:18:20.376444Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

833abeb15022cca715cc0a20f9bf18d472561e8dec60a433f524f8f5f95d9a6c

Aliases

arxiv: 1211.4077 · arxiv_version: 1211.4077v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.1211.4077 · pith_short_12: QM5L5MKQELGK · pith_short_16: QM5L5MKQELGKOFOM · pith_short_8: QM5L5MKQ

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/QM5L5MKQELGKOFOMBIQPTPYY2R \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 833abeb15022cca715cc0a20f9bf18d472561e8dec60a433f524f8f5f95d9a6c

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "1dac033cc487244bd58c272db97e6455cf902be3272ce2595d9d2177f595002d",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.SY",
    "submitted_at": "2012-11-17T05:50:23Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "3d75d11936bc3bf29cb94f4390db0ed8e49a597d69e1c2cc3c6a6ffb84df40ce"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "1211.4077",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}