Pith Number

pith:RDBDALJ2

pith:2017:RDBDALJ2TYRCCHKLTUMW7MYJNC

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

A Batch Noise Contrastive Estimation Approach for Training Large Vocabulary Language Models

Dietrich Klakow, Youssef Oualil

arxiv:1708.05997 v2 · 2017-08-20 · cs.CL · cs.AI

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{RDBDALJ2TYRCCHKLTUMW7MYJNC}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T00:37:33.262525Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

88c2302d3a9e22211d4b9d196fb30968b4b1f61991a26432ed424249f5312b56

Aliases

arxiv: 1708.05997 · arxiv_version: 1708.05997v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.1708.05997 · pith_short_12: RDBDALJ2TYRC · pith_short_16: RDBDALJ2TYRCCHKL · pith_short_8: RDBDALJ2

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/RDBDALJ2TYRCCHKLTUMW7MYJNC \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 88c2302d3a9e22211d4b9d196fb30968b4b1f61991a26432ed424249f5312b56

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "5020d26a2c5b3ca263a09c04a89926c39c5969a7609806fdd529c5effde97b09",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.AI"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.CL",
    "submitted_at": "2017-08-20T17:48:35Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "e231338f87d7f51b8382085453b0ac425ab285ecd32439d6b2a17e79bb736d05"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "1708.05997",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}