Pith Number

pith:RFMF3DGL

pith:2025:RFMF3DGLEFEN5B4HWO4E45S3FO

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Nonconvex Decentralized Stochastic Bilevel Optimization under Heavy-Tailed Noise

Heng Liang, Hongchang Gao, Xinwen Zhang, Yihan Zhang

arxiv:2509.15543 v2 · 2025-09-19 · cs.LG

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{RFMF3DGLEFEN5B4HWO4E45S3FO}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-26T02:05:02.138663Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

89585d8ccb2148de8787b3b84e765b2b860e641c8543e406435dee5dc3cb59dc

Aliases

arxiv: 2509.15543 · arxiv_version: 2509.15543v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2509.15543 · pith_short_12: RFMF3DGLEFEN · pith_short_16: RFMF3DGLEFEN5B4H · pith_short_8: RFMF3DGL

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/RFMF3DGLEFEN5B4HWO4E45S3FO \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 89585d8ccb2148de8787b3b84e765b2b860e641c8543e406435dee5dc3cb59dc

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "907531696645a81c6c6c5a85e40f36c274d897166abad88ece626d35a8f40653",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.LG",
    "submitted_at": "2025-09-19T02:51:19Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "26650d4bccc1ae52f14bd387616a2b03ff8e2cb9576d558f90c14a3820f7fdc6"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2509.15543",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}