Pith Number

pith:RNB6F2T4

pith:2026:RNB6F2T4XJ6ELH3J6OR4OAQX2T

not attested not anchored not stored refs resolved

Deceptive Cookies: Consent by Design -- A Mixed Methods Study

Liv Hilde Sj{\o}flot, Tobias A. Opsahl

Cookie consent banners lead users to accept data collection despite their stated preference to reject it.

arxiv:2605.15056 v1 · 2026-05-14 · cs.HC

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{RNB6F2T4XJ6ELH3J6OR4OAQX2T}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

cookie consent banners in their current form are not ideal with respect to user autonomy, often leading users to consent by design.

C2weakest assumption

The observed gap between stated preferences and actions in a small usability test with N=20 accurately reflects real-world behavior on live websites without post-hoc selection or unrepresentative tasks.

C3one line summary

Users wanted to reject cookies but accepted them because of deceptive banner designs, and withdrawing consent took over 20 times longer than giving it.

References

77 extracted · 77 resolved · 2 Pith anchors

[1] The age of surveillance capitalism 2023

[2] Ethan Cramer-Flood.Worldwide ad spend- ing forecast 2025. Jan. 2025.url:https:// www . emarketer . com / content / worldwide - ad-spending-forecast-2025#page-report (visited on 04/08/2025) 2025

[3] Laion-5b: An open large-scale dataset for training next generation image-text mod- els 2022

[4] Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models 2023 · arXiv:2312.11805

[5] The Llama 3 Herd of Models 2024 · arXiv:2407.21783

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-17T23:38:54.344607Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

8b43e2ea7cba7c459f69f3a3c70217d4f9a63437fc3f09a8c64dd73bd5ae4d3c

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.15056 · arxiv_version: 2605.15056v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2605.15056 · pith_short_12: RNB6F2T4XJ6E · pith_short_16: RNB6F2T4XJ6ELH3J · pith_short_8: RNB6F2T4

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/RNB6F2T4XJ6ELH3J6OR4OAQX2T \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 8b43e2ea7cba7c459f69f3a3c70217d4f9a63437fc3f09a8c64dd73bd5ae4d3c

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "a98aea74997b2b389c3a3c7ee4c05cde7b26d5ecc35efc03f90c7c033697268f",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.HC",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-14T16:49:27Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "a0be3f6c6e621f2420741691143bef266dc15f540144de53a65e2aa10f43d253"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2605.15056",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}