Pith Number

pith:RXOUPILJ

pith:2026:RXOUPILJWKOLA6YS7WC3RGKWWT

not attested not anchored not stored refs resolved

Impacts of radiative cooling on the images of a black hole shadow and extended jets in two-temperature GRMHD simulations

Alejandro Cruz-Osorio, Christian M. Fromm, Hai Yang, Indu K. Dihingia, Mingyuan Zhang, Yosuke Mizuno, Ziri Younsi

Radiative cooling in GRMHD simulations of M87* makes the inner disk dimmer and the jets more extended and brighter.

arxiv:2605.15502 v1 · 2026-05-15 · astro-ph.HE

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{RXOUPILJWKOLA6YS7WC3RGKWWT}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

Radiative cooling sharply decreases the electron temperature in the dense inner disk around the equatorial plane (r ≲ 10 r_g), while slightly reducing jet sheath temperature, leading to a dimmer disk, more extended and brighter jets, and reduced total flux.

C2weakest assumption

The two-temperature GRMHD simulations with chosen electron heating prescriptions and nonthermal distributions accurately capture the dominant physical processes at the simulated accretion rates for M87*.

C3one line summary

Radiative cooling in two-temperature GRMHD simulations for M87* produces cooler inner disks, dimmer disks, brighter and more extended jets, and lower total flux at 230 GHz compared to non-cooling models.

References

68 extracted · 68 resolved · 0 Pith anchors

[1] 2025, Living Reviews in Relativity, 28, 4 2025

[2] 2018, ApJ, 862, 80 2018

[3] 2019, ARA&A, 57, 467 2019

[4] 2025, MNRAS, 537, 2496 2025

[5] Chael, A., Narayan, R., & Johnson, M. D. 2019, MNRAS, 486, 2873 2019

Formal links

2 machine-checked theorem links

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-20T00:01:01.974473Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

8ddd47a169b29cb07b12fd85b89956b4ca714c101b92d02a9e477c3f91bad1e3

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.15502 · arxiv_version: 2605.15502v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2605.15502 · pith_short_12: RXOUPILJWKOL · pith_short_16: RXOUPILJWKOLA6YS · pith_short_8: RXOUPILJ

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/RXOUPILJWKOLA6YS7WC3RGKWWT \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 8ddd47a169b29cb07b12fd85b89956b4ca714c101b92d02a9e477c3f91bad1e3

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "5b26291088b805f5565b7733b8e4c9b226e4d43e44bc3afa5ee2f34c0138b49c",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "astro-ph.HE",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-15T00:42:19Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "921fc18831cca45b1d1b51dade6684d336be90ec0ce024ebe22478ef0da5afa9"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2605.15502",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}