Pith Number

pith:S4OJP3FP

pith:2018:S4OJP3FPC7LBQUAFL2CYN2WWZ4

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Sharp instruments for classifying compliers and generalizing causal effects

Edward H. Kennedy, Max G'Sell, Sivaraman Balakrishnan

arxiv:1801.03635 v2 · 2018-01-11 · stat.ME

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{S4OJP3FPC7LBQUAFL2CYN2WWZ4}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-17T23:44:38.330243Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

971c97ecaf17d61850055e8586ead6cf383837b5849ec16ae2535dd4cdbaf964

Aliases

arxiv: 1801.03635 · arxiv_version: 1801.03635v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.1801.03635 · pith_short_12: S4OJP3FPC7LB · pith_short_16: S4OJP3FPC7LBQUAF · pith_short_8: S4OJP3FP

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/S4OJP3FPC7LBQUAFL2CYN2WWZ4 \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 971c97ecaf17d61850055e8586ead6cf383837b5849ec16ae2535dd4cdbaf964

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "45211368e3e3154169b2f31638bd7a7566e6b7176f7195c20bd8aa1ce8a89fb2",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "stat.ME",
    "submitted_at": "2018-01-11T05:31:18Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "c7323cdbacd681689818ee76a76abbf5a232193eea9b87b8088decad6dfcabaf"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "1801.03635",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}