Pith Number

pith:SG7BZMYC

pith:2021:SG7BZMYCQBE2ZJMAKIDK5QLKY3

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Lower Bounds and Accelerated Algorithms for Bilevel Optimization

Kaiyi Ji, Yingbin Liang

arxiv:2102.03926 v4 · 2021-02-07 · cs.LG · math.OC · stat.ML

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{SG7BZMYCQBE2ZJMAKIDK5QLKY3}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Cited by

1 paper in Pith

Pseudospectral Bounds for Transient Amplification in Coupled Gradient Descent

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T03:52:25.694180Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

91be1cb3028049aca5805206aec16ac6ef77875fa9737cecdc54cb04ecdaf9d4

Aliases

arxiv: 2102.03926 · arxiv_version: 2102.03926v4 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2102.03926 · pith_short_12: SG7BZMYCQBE2 · pith_short_16: SG7BZMYCQBE2ZJMA · pith_short_8: SG7BZMYC

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/SG7BZMYCQBE2ZJMAKIDK5QLKY3 \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 91be1cb3028049aca5805206aec16ac6ef77875fa9737cecdc54cb04ecdaf9d4

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "0bea7d3a5c7023a212b819cf13874958fbb8effdea3e3b1092a6c1dd68c67fbb",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "math.OC",
      "stat.ML"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.LG",
    "submitted_at": "2021-02-07T21:46:29Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "c9d54277dc35b37c3e29c15972d4ca5b068d4596f139ee6a00525ac66b1bd221"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2102.03926",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 4
  }
}