Pith Number

pith:TLBZPLOP

pith:2023:TLBZPLOPVN2J237W6YVXQ6LCCA

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Estimating Contamination via Perplexity: Quantifying Memorisation in Language Model Evaluation

Yucheng Li

arxiv:2309.10677 v2 · 2023-09-19 · cs.CL · cs.AI

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{TLBZPLOPVN2J237W6YVXQ6LCCA}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Cited by

5 papers in Pith

Pretraining Data Exposure in Large Language Models: A Survey of Membership Inference, Data Contamination, and Security Implications

Benchmark Data Contamination of Large Language Models: A Survey

Provable Joint Decontamination for Benchmarking Multiple Large Language Models

An Interpretable and Scalable Framework for Evaluating Large Language Models

Measuring Evaluation-Context Divergence in Open-Weight LLMs: A Paired-Prompt Protocol with Pilot Evidence of Alignment-Pipeline-Specific Heterogeneity

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T06:54:40.624824Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

9ac397adcfab749d6ff6f62b787962101d1a7e3919c4cfceb043c77a35e00f8b

Aliases

arxiv: 2309.10677 · arxiv_version: 2309.10677v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2309.10677 · pith_short_12: TLBZPLOPVN2J · pith_short_16: TLBZPLOPVN2J237W · pith_short_8: TLBZPLOP

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/TLBZPLOPVN2J237W6YVXQ6LCCA \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 9ac397adcfab749d6ff6f62b787962101d1a7e3919c4cfceb043c77a35e00f8b

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "a3dd82e8e3593474ffef8bde8b230eff5f73bbc59e36efc3528416f2a0e5c5fc",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.AI"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.CL",
    "submitted_at": "2023-09-19T15:02:58Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "17853f95a306c42e6ba6de67d6e28efb1d20841815e39dbebff3d0acd2ed14ff"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2309.10677",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}