Pith Number

pith:U3OWOWWW

pith:2009:U3OWOWWW4NEH53ASZHBKVX3XTJ

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Dark Matter and Galaxy Formation

Joel R. Primack

arxiv:0909.2021 v2 · 2009-09-10 · astro-ph.CO

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{U3OWOWWW4NEH53ASZHBKVX3XTJ}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T02:34:30.509652Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

a6dd675ad6e3487eec12c9c2aadf779a4d5487f5d78028855cb3ee7d7543ed13

Aliases

arxiv: 0909.2021 · arxiv_version: 0909.2021v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.0909.2021 · pith_short_12: U3OWOWWW4NEH · pith_short_16: U3OWOWWW4NEH53AS · pith_short_8: U3OWOWWW

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/U3OWOWWW4NEH53ASZHBKVX3XTJ \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: a6dd675ad6e3487eec12c9c2aadf779a4d5487f5d78028855cb3ee7d7543ed13

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "756076c32280e2d4465ef6c0bc08b0bdf6cb5f7df43b8d1645d67a6e13c499ae",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "astro-ph.CO",
    "submitted_at": "2009-09-10T19:57:16Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "c3df0dec7afd0d41680473f22e7f94ab105af048c2297a63ad9e89e2ba58c5a1"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "0909.2021",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}