Pith Number

pith:U5SKOZYE

pith:2025:U5SKOZYE3IYX3CMXILH7IMIEE3

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Step-wise Policy for Rare-tool Knowledge (SPaRK): Offline RL that Drives Diverse Tool Use in LLMs

Gabriel Bo, Justin Gu, Koa Chang

arxiv:2507.11371 v1 · 2025-07-15 · cs.LG · cs.MA

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{U5SKOZYE3IYX3CMXILH7IMIEE3}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T11:37:38.017485Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

a764a76704da317d899742cff4310426fa4acf93edb2efc65f12698670b03ea5

Aliases

arxiv: 2507.11371 · arxiv_version: 2507.11371v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2507.11371 · pith_short_12: U5SKOZYE3IYX · pith_short_16: U5SKOZYE3IYX3CMX · pith_short_8: U5SKOZYE

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/U5SKOZYE3IYX3CMXILH7IMIEE3 \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: a764a76704da317d899742cff4310426fa4acf93edb2efc65f12698670b03ea5

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "42daa41b113aa63da792fbd193597ba534a53a007c4184114d64e9afa09c3fdb",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.MA"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.LG",
    "submitted_at": "2025-07-15T14:44:29Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "9339e4fbc71a6c409d4a67c3f8eddecd191cc33e3e9ecb879c6e4db0c74e3738"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2507.11371",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}