Pith Number

pith:UECFMQ5W

pith:2017:UECFMQ5WRXW2554K7IBY7L4V7S

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

New reconstruction of the sunspot group number since 1739 using the direct calibration and "backbone" methods

Gennady A. Kovaltsov, Ilya G. Usoskin, Natalie A. Krivova, Sami K. Solanki, Theodosios Chatzistergos

arxiv:1702.06183 v2 · 2017-02-20 · astro-ph.SR

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{UECFMQ5WRXW2554K7IBY7L4V7S}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T00:42:29.677146Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

a1045643b68dedaef78afa038faf95fcb8683923734307e56489253c8f251d07

Aliases

arxiv: 1702.06183 · arxiv_version: 1702.06183v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.1702.06183 · pith_short_12: UECFMQ5WRXW2 · pith_short_16: UECFMQ5WRXW2554K · pith_short_8: UECFMQ5W

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/UECFMQ5WRXW2554K7IBY7L4V7S \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: a1045643b68dedaef78afa038faf95fcb8683923734307e56489253c8f251d07

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "145f508d6ed4d4d218abbd4d0df3e3b526bf6f59bdaacf507e3817a8a2d520c1",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "astro-ph.SR",
    "submitted_at": "2017-02-20T21:43:45Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "82839cb827778cc4b90c306f93313a1ed1d0ade7ec5c89e13e33cf5c6f0ff18d"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "1702.06183",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}