Pith Number

pith:V7PQ6GUV

pith:2023:V7PQ6GUVO4KSM3HCYIGJZL3P4F

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Can Public Large Language Models Help Private Cross-device Federated Learning?

Bo Li, Boxin Wang, H. Brendan McMahan, Manzil Zaheer, Sewoong Oh, Yibo Jacky Zhang, Yuan Cao, Zheng Xu

arxiv:2305.12132 v2 · 2023-05-20 · cs.LG

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{V7PQ6GUVO4KSM3HCYIGJZL3P4F}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T08:07:27.511904Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

afdf0f1a957715266ce2c20c9caf6fe16f84db46dce1bf3e2ca0b0f64de3a531

Aliases

arxiv: 2305.12132 · arxiv_version: 2305.12132v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2305.12132 · pith_short_12: V7PQ6GUVO4KS · pith_short_16: V7PQ6GUVO4KSM3HC · pith_short_8: V7PQ6GUV

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/V7PQ6GUVO4KSM3HCYIGJZL3P4F \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: afdf0f1a957715266ce2c20c9caf6fe16f84db46dce1bf3e2ca0b0f64de3a531

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "201d74f9137d87f2280b56659d82682df9dcc77a002b013654f57e9d4467c08c",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.LG",
    "submitted_at": "2023-05-20T07:55:58Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "49c3ba7d9019df1e14233affff6983286f744ca785a8596b5006f0e66565fffc"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2305.12132",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}