Pith Number

pith:VX4GDOQ4

pith:2016:VX4GDOQ4IDXC2WDH2ZAKXC4AAP

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

A Comparison of Policies on the Participation of Storage in U.S. Frequency Regulation Markets

Bolun Xu, C. A. Silva-Monroy, Daniel S. Kirschen, Jean-Paul Watson, Yury Dvorkin

arxiv:1602.04420 v2 · 2016-02-14 · math.OC · cs.SY

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{VX4GDOQ4IDXC2WDH2ZAKXC4AAP}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T01:20:22.742152Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

adf861ba1c40ee2d5867d640ab8b8003f199d7a2384124a2f851526db9b4c16c

Aliases

arxiv: 1602.04420 · arxiv_version: 1602.04420v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.1602.04420 · pith_short_12: VX4GDOQ4IDXC · pith_short_16: VX4GDOQ4IDXC2WDH · pith_short_8: VX4GDOQ4

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/VX4GDOQ4IDXC2WDH2ZAKXC4AAP \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: adf861ba1c40ee2d5867d640ab8b8003f199d7a2384124a2f851526db9b4c16c

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "fe72a2707c605cddee4a3c68fa3197dae650c2dd81ecd3c0f641a09ff3e083f8",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.SY"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "math.OC",
    "submitted_at": "2016-02-14T06:25:54Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "397b10642f3456cf6dbd9bcca0c1d9d0ab5ace6b725ff17216fb0394f63501a3"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "1602.04420",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}