Pith Number

pith:VZX2UL6S

pith:2021:VZX2UL6SCM5Q374NFMWPRPFEXG

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Challenges in cybersecurity: Lessons from biological defense systems

Adam Doup\'e, Alan S. Perelson, Andrea L. Graham, Ann Kinzig, Bryan T. Grenfell. Alex Halderman, Carlo Maley, Carlos Castillo-Chavez, Carl T. Bergstrom, Charles Perrings, Edward Schrom, James P. Collins, Jennifer Rexford, Joshua Plotkin, Melanie Mosesr, Mohit Tiwari, Rob J. De Boer, Roya Ensafi, Silvie Huijben, Simon A. Levin, Stephanie Forrest, Stuart Feldman

arxiv:2107.10344 v1 · 2021-07-21 · cs.CY · q-bio.PE

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{VZX2UL6SCM5Q374NFMWPRPFEXG}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T02:59:59.242357Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

ae6faa2fd2133b0dff8d2b2cf8bca4b981f6d53e707252b4027b9c43144d00bb

Aliases

arxiv: 2107.10344 · arxiv_version: 2107.10344v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2107.10344 · pith_short_12: VZX2UL6SCM5Q · pith_short_16: VZX2UL6SCM5Q374N · pith_short_8: VZX2UL6S

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/VZX2UL6SCM5Q374NFMWPRPFEXG \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: ae6faa2fd2133b0dff8d2b2cf8bca4b981f6d53e707252b4027b9c43144d00bb

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "6825d9a51209daea98aca4752aad08f526a206674c1130a487e87086646acb58",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "q-bio.PE"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.CY",
    "submitted_at": "2021-07-21T20:18:35Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "2f96243ad939e35dc0fcc9d24d806b2630b5bb27e46c05c4a9cef4e5d6125713"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2107.10344",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}