Pith Number

pith:WPQ66PHX

pith:2026:WPQ66PHX7GARJGHOPGCYBC3LLK

not attested not anchored not stored refs resolved

Numerical investigation of particle acceleration at interplanetary shocks: diffusive and superdiffusive scenarios

Gaetano Zimbardo, Giuseppe Prete, Silvia Perri

Simulations show superdiffusive transport at interplanetary shocks reproduces observed particle fluxes and reaches higher energies faster than normal diffusion.

arxiv:2604.14819 v1 · 2026-04-16 · astro-ph.SR · astro-ph.HE

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{WPQ66PHX7GARJGHOPGCYBC3LLK}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

We show not only that particle fluxes in different energy bins reproduce very well the observed ones upstream and downstream when superdiffusion is at work, but also that anomalous, superdiffusive transport speeds up the acceleration process and leads to values of particle energies consistent with observations.

C2weakest assumption

The shock is modeled as an infinite planar discontinuity and the Levy flight parameters (or diffusion coefficients) can be chosen to reproduce the specific 2006 ACE event without independent constraints from other observations or first-principles derivation.

C3one line summary

Numerical simulations show superdiffusive transport at shocks matches observed particle fluxes and accelerates particles to higher energies faster than normal diffusion.

References

61 extracted · 61 resolved · 0 Pith anchors

[1] 2025, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 693, A15 2025

[2] 1978, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 182, 443 1978

[3] Bell, A. R. 2004, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 353, 550 2004

[4] Blandford, R. D. & Ostriker, J. P. 1978, The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 221, L29 1978

[5] 2023, Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, 10, 1209479 2023

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-06-10T14:10:50.059798Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

b3e1ef3cf7f9811498ee7985808b6b5aa620b52d474f80be28790c7b3d888ffc

Aliases

arxiv: 2604.14819 · arxiv_version: 2604.14819v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2604.14819 · pith_short_12: WPQ66PHX7GAR · pith_short_16: WPQ66PHX7GARJGHO · pith_short_8: WPQ66PHX

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/WPQ66PHX7GARJGHOPGCYBC3LLK \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: b3e1ef3cf7f9811498ee7985808b6b5aa620b52d474f80be28790c7b3d888ffc

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "574df8d511aedbc4b0e0e872294302697846c8d7e33cf06c2f352d14844a8c87",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "astro-ph.HE"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "astro-ph.SR",
    "submitted_at": "2026-04-16T09:39:29Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "fa995adfb96e8699a55daa0defc8ef3a4d0147d359903e1c864d4fdda32eb742"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2604.14819",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}