Pith Number

pith:WWUI6YQX

pith:2026:WWUI6YQXIT3GEXSJPFIH273D6Y

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Quantifying the Milky Way, LMC and their interaction using all-sky kinematics of outer halo stars

Adam M. Dillamore, Adrian M. Price-Whelan, Jason L. Sanders, Nicol\'as Garavito-Camargo, Phillip Cargile, Richard A. N. Brooks, Vedant Chandra

The LMC induces a 39 km/s reflex motion in the Milky Way outer halo, yielding enclosed masses of 3.36 x 10^11 solar masses for the Milky Way and 8.76 x 10^10 for the LMC.

arxiv:2603.08788 v2 · 2026-03-09 · astro-ph.GA

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{WWUI6YQXIT3GEXSJPFIH273D6Y}

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The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

we find the magnitude of the reflex velocity to be v_travel = 38.6^{+8.3}_{-7.8} km s^{-1}. Simultaneously, we determine the enclosed MW mass, M_MW(< 50 kpc) = 3.36 ± 0.15 × 10^{11} M_⊙ and the enclosed LMC mass, M_LMC(< 50 kpc) = 8.76^{+1.94}_{-1.77} × 10^{10} M_⊙. Our results suggest that the total LMC mass must be at least ∼20% that of the MW.

C2weakest assumption

The 32,000 rigid MW-LMC simulations with an evolved stellar halo accurately reproduce the observed velocity means and dispersions in the combined H3+SEGUE+MagE sample, and that the neural posterior estimator trained only on those summary statistics can recover the true parameters without significant bias from unmodeled effects such as time-dependent potentials or substructure.

C3one line summary

Simulation-based inference on outer halo star velocities yields MW mass within 50 kpc of 3.36 ± 0.15 × 10^11 solar masses, LMC mass of 8.76 × 10^10 solar masses, and reflex velocity of 38.6 km/s.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T03:09:22.926258Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

b5a88f621744f6625e4979507d7f63f62dedbc4aa2f26c7ffdbc7d5da57aef4b

Aliases

arxiv: 2603.08788 · arxiv_version: 2603.08788v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2603.08788 · pith_short_12: WWUI6YQXIT3G · pith_short_16: WWUI6YQXIT3GEXSJ · pith_short_8: WWUI6YQX

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Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/WWUI6YQXIT3GEXSJPFIH273D6Y \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: b5a88f621744f6625e4979507d7f63f62dedbc4aa2f26c7ffdbc7d5da57aef4b

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "a6bed90d4a041532d776adb737ad4913bc0b6f0c87fac3232c9aa082ab05c1fe",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "astro-ph.GA",
    "submitted_at": "2026-03-09T18:00:04Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "34540060e16949050e8c370690c041b8acc05ecbdb47e5172dad5964bc84b562"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2603.08788",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}