Pith Number

pith:X6JDETBD

pith:2026:X6JDETBD4HGH7BX7UJTOKPLJKZ

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

CTFusion: A CTF-based Benchmark for LLM Agent Evaluation

Dongjun Lee, Ga-eun Bae, Insu Yun

Reused CTF challenges allow data contamination that inflates LLM agent scores, which CTFusion fixes by streaming evaluations from live events.

arxiv:2605.11504 v2 · 2026-05-12 · cs.LG · cs.CR

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{X6JDETBD4HGH7BX7UJTOKPLJKZ}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

existing CTF benchmarks can be unreliable in assessing LLM-based agents, while CTFusion can serve as a robust solution for evaluating cybersecurity agents.

C2weakest assumption

That live CTF events remain uncontaminated and that the per-agent independence plus first-flag forwarding fully eliminates the contamination and competition-impact problems demonstrated with web-search tools.

C3one line summary

CTFusion is a live-CTF streaming benchmark that prevents data contamination by forwarding only the first correct flag per challenge under a shared team account.

Formal links

1 machine-checked theorem link

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-14T01:20:03.316488Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

bf92324c23e1cc7f86ffa266e53d695660b3e72b5c4107beeeaea3765aa0a583

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.11504 · arxiv_version: 2605.11504v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2605.11504 · pith_short_12: X6JDETBD4HGH · pith_short_16: X6JDETBD4HGH7BX7 · pith_short_8: X6JDETBD

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/X6JDETBD4HGH7BX7UJTOKPLJKZ \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: bf92324c23e1cc7f86ffa266e53d695660b3e72b5c4107beeeaea3765aa0a583

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "76a5c6b177d8821b79c4c5d9e4494d086e5460bd95646760f7c125fa70532cca",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.CR"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.LG",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-12T04:23:42Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "bd882ff0c994f80eecba4c978baed905e74c14858a0a28144e6e71af767b86aa"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2605.11504",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}