Pith Number

pith:XNCPALPA

pith:2026:XNCPALPAB644AMHAILSHIQNTS6

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Testing the consistency of cosmological models with multimessenger astronomy

Antonio Enea Romano

Gravitational and electromagnetic luminosity distances together determine the curvature parameter in the Friedmann model without reference to dark energy.

arxiv:2605.09660 v2 · 2026-05-10 · gr-qc

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{XNCPALPAB644AMHAILSHIQNTS6}

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Record completeness

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The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

We show that within the framework of the Friedmann cosmological model it is possible to derive general multimessenger consistency conditions, independent of the form of dark energy. We first derive a general relation for the curvature parameter, uniquely in terms of the gravitational wave (GW) and the electromagnetic wave (EMW) luminosity distances.

C2weakest assumption

The derivations assume that luminosity distances for gravitational waves and electromagnetic waves are independently measurable for the same sources and obey the standard relations implied by the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker metric without additional propagation effects or source-specific corrections.

C3one line summary

Derives multimessenger consistency conditions and a curvature relation for the Friedmann model using GW and EM luminosity distances, independent of dark energy and density parameters.

Formal links

2 machine-checked theorem links

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-20T00:05:46.772943Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

bb44f02de00fb9c030e042e47441b397b930e22f025c4b8b80649376c54006de

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.09660 · arxiv_version: 2605.09660v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2605.09660 · pith_short_12: XNCPALPAB644 · pith_short_16: XNCPALPAB644AMHA · pith_short_8: XNCPALPA

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Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/XNCPALPAB644AMHAILSHIQNTS6 \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: bb44f02de00fb9c030e042e47441b397b930e22f025c4b8b80649376c54006de

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "2cb362a655f9f278ce07582d44c2852a4f8bfa22fd1df33905241a6222b719fa",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "gr-qc",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-10T17:16:03Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "59a30198b676a13dc49cd7a109fbb50cef8f28886498a0da3ec81cdb897f83b1"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2605.09660",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}