Pith Number

pith:XVFD2TNJ

pith:2026:XVFD2TNJJX2XMRCPPSF2PAPDMB

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Full-Spectrum Graph Neural Networks: Expressive and Scalable

Deyu Bo, Kelin Xia, Longlong Li, Xiaohan Wang

FSpecGNN lifts classical spectral GNNs to the node-pair domain using bivariate filters over eigenvalue pairs, recovering the old models as a diagonal case while reaching universal approximation of node-pair signals.

arxiv:2605.05759 v2 · 2026-05-07 · cs.LG

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{XVFD2TNJJX2XMRCPPSF2PAPDMB}

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Record completeness

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2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

We show that classical spectral GNNs arise as a diagonal special case of FSpecGNN, and prove that FSpecGNN can be at most as expressive as Local 2-GNN while universally approximating node-pair signals, the latter being particularly beneficial for heterophilic graph learning.

C2weakest assumption

That the low-rank approximation of the full-spectrum convolution preserves both the universal approximation property for node-pair signals and the claimed expressivity bound without introducing errors that invalidate the theoretical results on realistic graphs.

C3one line summary

FSpecGNN generalizes spectral GNNs to node-pair domain with bivariate filters, achieving universal approximation of node-pair signals while remaining at most as expressive as Local 2-GNN and admitting scalable low-rank implementations.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-26T01:03:32.483238Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

bd4a3d4da94df576444f7c8ba781e3604cc8f13a039af604728b6c9024b9f159

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.05759 · arxiv_version: 2605.05759v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2605.05759 · pith_short_12: XVFD2TNJJX2X · pith_short_16: XVFD2TNJJX2XMRCP · pith_short_8: XVFD2TNJ

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Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/XVFD2TNJJX2XMRCPPSF2PAPDMB \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: bd4a3d4da94df576444f7c8ba781e3604cc8f13a039af604728b6c9024b9f159

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "fc85b9df44f1ab81b55b85a085ca4e31ea90e15b78b343524dc15af6a9b5b031",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.LG",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-07T06:53:49Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "a5da1a32f16db056e2dc56860ddde4bd8f17ec8abfd3d5d87573cfd8777cc097"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2605.05759",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}