Pith Number

pith:XWMM4QYP

pith:2025:XWMM4QYPETJEPC4LCWHNEVVTLY

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Exploit Gradient Skewness to Circumvent Byzantine Defenses for Federated Learning

Chen Chen, Gang Chen, Lingjuan Lyu, Yaochu Jin, Yuchen Liu

arxiv:2502.04890 v2 · 2025-02-07 · cs.LG

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{XWMM4QYPETJEPC4LCWHNEVVTLY}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T10:14:26.093988Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

bd98ce430f24d2478b8b158ed256b35e25539d734140d9c031917e47e780b25d

Aliases

arxiv: 2502.04890 · arxiv_version: 2502.04890v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2502.04890 · pith_short_12: XWMM4QYPETJE · pith_short_16: XWMM4QYPETJEPC4L · pith_short_8: XWMM4QYP

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/XWMM4QYPETJEPC4LCWHNEVVTLY \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: bd98ce430f24d2478b8b158ed256b35e25539d734140d9c031917e47e780b25d

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "c713624767d8503e494b12505ded0ff64db79f52c887ec040d2736696128a1ed",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.LG",
    "submitted_at": "2025-02-07T12:56:39Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "ab9752fe8b108dbbbcb5d67dd9800d81a020db49e3deff369d683a8e3086c90c"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2502.04890",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}