Pith Number

pith:Y4AG2MRS

pith:2026:Y4AG2MRSBBK4P3TIVF5NRCUW56

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LitXBench: A Benchmark for Extracting Experiments from Scientific Literature

Curtis Chong, Jorge Colindres

Frontier language models extract full experiments from papers 0.37 F1 better than multi-turn pipelines by tying measurements to processing steps.

arxiv:2604.07649 v4 · 2026-04-08 · cs.IR

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{Y4AG2MRSBBK4P3TIVF5NRCUW56}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

frontier language models, such as Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview, outperform existing multi-turn extraction pipelines by up to 0.37 F1. Our results suggest that this performance gap arises because extraction pipelines associate measurements with compositions rather than the processing steps that define a material.

C2weakest assumption

That the 19 alloy papers and 1426 measurements in LitXAlloy form a representative and unbiased sample of real-world extraction challenges, and that the observed F1 gap is causally due to the association with processing steps rather than other factors like prompt design or model scale.

C3one line summary

LitXBench shows frontier LLMs like Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview outperform extraction pipelines by 0.37 F1 because they link measurements to processing steps rather than just compositions.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-20T00:05:44.461720Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

c7006d32320855c7ee68a97ad88a96efbd786a0e2fcf5b172a6708d8ebfa2b1d

Aliases

arxiv: 2604.07649 · arxiv_version: 2604.07649v4 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2604.07649 · pith_short_12: Y4AG2MRSBBK4 · pith_short_16: Y4AG2MRSBBK4P3TI · pith_short_8: Y4AG2MRS

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/Y4AG2MRSBBK4P3TIVF5NRCUW56 \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: c7006d32320855c7ee68a97ad88a96efbd786a0e2fcf5b172a6708d8ebfa2b1d

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "703fb0a62f6c6d2b4abed635a73a94ca4c3812e135768350574490889296af3e",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.IR",
    "submitted_at": "2026-04-08T23:31:31Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "672b0eebe7710de71e1ceb84bdc74e8939844f7a745f9525e5b398750ce87187"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2604.07649",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 4
  }
}