Pith Number

pith:Y6C2V5CY

pith:2026:Y6C2V5CYAVWDDJNFS7DHQZLSMN

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Permutation-Consensus Listwise Judging for Robust Factuality Evaluation

Elsa Fan, Justin Tang, Nathan Huang, Tianyi Huang, Wenqian Chen

Rerunning listwise factuality prompts over multiple candidate orderings and aggregating the results produces up to 7-point gains over direct judging.

arxiv:2603.20562 v3 · 2026-03-20 · cs.CL · cs.AI

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{Y6C2V5CYAVWDDJNFS7DHQZLSMN}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

On RewardBench 2 Factuality, PCFJudge improves over direct judging by up to 7 absolute points.

C2weakest assumption

That order sensitivity is a dominant, fixable source of error in listwise factuality judging and that simple aggregation over permutations does not introduce compensating biases or reduce discriminative power.

C3one line summary

PCFJudge improves direct LLM factuality judging by up to 7 points on RewardBench 2 Factuality by aggregating results over multiple candidate permutations.

Formal links

2 machine-checked theorem links

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-20T00:02:10.923891Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

c785aaf458056c31a5a597c6786572636398b664b0be27ddace31cb301feb61a

Aliases

arxiv: 2603.20562 · arxiv_version: 2603.20562v3 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2603.20562 · pith_short_12: Y6C2V5CYAVWD · pith_short_16: Y6C2V5CYAVWDDJNF · pith_short_8: Y6C2V5CY

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/Y6C2V5CYAVWDDJNFS7DHQZLSMN \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: c785aaf458056c31a5a597c6786572636398b664b0be27ddace31cb301feb61a

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "6c6d8cdc9a91a96e54dd7e7019e29a6d11d9294c1c8bc21410f8d5a52ad293fe",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.AI"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.CL",
    "submitted_at": "2026-03-20T23:35:14Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "8d8d32cb18b503d168f265f111f7598b03d48c127137e03d8956c95ae4504a5f"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2603.20562",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 3
  }
}