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Black holes in vector-tensor theories and their thermodynamics

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abstract

In this paper, we study Einstein gravity either minimally or non-minimally coupled to a vector field which breaks the gauge symmetry explicitly in general dimensions. We first consider a minimal theory which is simply the Einstein-Proca theory extended with a quartic self-interaction term for the vector field. We obtain its general static maximally symmetric black hole solution and study the thermodynamics using Wald formalism. The aspects of the solution are much like a Reissner-Nordstr{\o}m black hole in spite of that a global charge cannot be defined for the vector. For non-minimal theories, we obtain a lot of exact black hole solutions, depending on the parameters of the theories. In particular, many of the solutions are general static and have maximal symmetry. However, there are some subtleties and ambiguities in the derivation of the first laws because the existence of an algebraic degree of freedom of the vector in general invalids the Wald entropy formula. The thermodynamics of these solutions deserves further studies.

fields

gr-qc 3 hep-th 1

years

2026 4

representative citing papers

From (Hidden) Symmetries to Stealth Solutions

gr-qc · 2026-06-05 · unverdicted · novelty 6.0

Killing-Yano tensors generate p-form stealth solutions in a bumblebee-type Proca theory with fine-tuned curvature terms on arbitrary backgrounds.

Black holes and neutron stars in massive Hellings-Nordtvedt theory

gr-qc · 2026-05-14 · reject · novelty 6.0

In massive Hellings-Nordtvedt theory, a nonzero vector vacuum asymptotically forbids both curvature-vector couplings at once, and the A²R sector yields Schwarzschild-like black holes plus neutron stars that can deviate from general relativity.

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