PLAN-S decodes a style-conditioned four-channel semantic cost map from latent representations to bridge world models and planners in autonomous driving, reporting 0.55 m average L2 and 42% collision reduction on nuScenes plus PDMS gains on NAVSIM.
Driving with A Thousand Faces: A Benchmark for Closed-Loop Personalized End-to-End Autonomous Driving
3 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.
abstract
Human driving behavior is inherently diverse, yet most end-to-end autonomous driving (E2E-AD) systems learn a single average driving style, neglecting individual differences. Achieving personalized E2E-AD faces challenges across three levels: limited real-world datasets with individual-level annotations, a lack of quantitative metrics for evaluating personal driving styles, and the absence of algorithms that can learn stylized representations from users' trajectories. To address these gaps, we propose Person2Drive, a comprehensive personalized E2E-AD platform and benchmark. It includes an open-source, flexible data collection system that simulates realistic scenarios to generate scalable and diverse personalized driving datasets; style vector-based evaluation metrics with Maximum Mean Discrepancy and KL divergence to comprehensively quantify individual driving behaviors; and a personalized E2E-AD framework with a style reward model that efficiently adapts E2E models for safe and individualized driving. Extensive experiments demonstrate that Person2Drive enables fine-grained analysis, reproducible evaluation, and effective personalization in end-to-end autonomous driving. Our dataset and code will be released after acceptance.
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2026 3roles
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background 1representative citing papers
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PLAN-S: Bridging Planning with Latent Style Dynamics for Autonomous Driving World Models
PLAN-S decodes a style-conditioned four-channel semantic cost map from latent representations to bridge world models and planners in autonomous driving, reporting 0.55 m average L2 and 42% collision reduction on nuScenes plus PDMS gains on NAVSIM.
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XEmbodied achieves SOTA on 18 embodied VQA benchmarks by fusing 3D geometric tokens and distilled physical cues into a 30B VLM with progressive curriculum training.
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