First measurement of dNch/dη in OO collisions at 5.36 TeV yields midrapidity densities of 41.8 overall and 135 in central events, consistent with PbPb per participant but showing deviations from simple scaling.
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The Angantyr model for Heavy-Ion Collisions in PYTHIA8
Tool reference. 80% of classified Pith citations use this work as a method, library, or software dependency, not as a substantive claim.
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abstract
We present a new model for building up complete exclusive hadronic final states in high energy nucleus collisions. It is a direct extrapolation of high energy pp collisions (as described by PYTHIA), and thus bridges a large part of the existing gap between heavy ion and high energy physics phenomenology. The model is inspired by the old Fritiof model and the notion of wounded nucleons. Two essential features are the treatment of multi-parton interactions and diffractive excitation in each NN sub-collision. Diffractive excitation is related to fluctuations in the nucleon partonic sub-structure, and fluctuations in both projectile and target are here included for the first time. The model is able to give a good description of general final-state properties such as multiplicity and transverse momentum distributions, both in pA and AA collisions. The model can therefore serve as a baseline for understanding the non-collective background to observables sensitive to collective behaviour. As PYTHIA does not include a mechanism to reproduce the collective effects seen in pp collisions, such effects are also not reproduced by the present version of Angantyr. Effects of high string density, shown to be able to reproduce e.g. higher strangeness ratios and the ridge in pp, will be added in future studies
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representative citing papers
First measurement of two-point EEC in 20-80 GeV/c charged jets in p-Pb collisions shows modification relative to pp at the same energy, with enhancement at large angles and suppression at small angles in the 20-40 GeV/c range.
Bayesian constraints on early-time jet quenching from large collision systems yield predictions of measurable energy loss in oxygen-oxygen collisions.
Hadrons from ion electromagnetic dissociation break exclusivity conditions in ultraperipheral collisions, resolving tensions in exclusive muon-pair and coherent J/ψ measurements at the LHC.
ATLAS measured charged-particle production in 9.62 TeV p-O collisions, yielding a fiducial pO cross section of 396 mb and extrapolated p-air inelastic cross section of 406 mb, with distributions an order of magnitude more precise than hadronic model differences.
An energy scan of isobaric collisions provides a double-ratio method to measure electric charge transport rapidity dependence, with simulations showing exponential decrease and model-dependent slopes distinct from baryon transport.
A conditional probability framework derives Maxwell-Boltzmann, Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac statistics plus conservation-induced covariances from saddle-point marginals, then uses orthogonal projections to isolate conservation effects in PYTHIA-simulated p+Pb events.
Suppression of high-pT hadrons in peripheral Pb+Pb collisions is predominantly driven by initial-state geometric bias rather than final-state jet quenching.
An LSTM model trained on simulated jet substructure learns to predict true jet energy loss and distinguishes quenching signatures even after realistic detector effects are applied.
The equilibrated core in O+O collisions overtakes the nonequilibrium corona above midrapidity multiplicity of about 20, yet corona contributions persist in central events, making pure hydrodynamics inadequate.
A PINN constrained by the two-component multiplicity model learns the hard-scattering fraction from Zr+Zr events and predicts N_ch more accurately than a data-driven NN on unseen Ru+Ru and Au+Au collisions.
Simulations show non-flow two-particle cumulant distributions have high skewness and kurtosis while true elliptic flow distributions are closer to Gaussian with lower values.
CMS measures V_nΔ in pPb events at √s_NN = 8.16 TeV as a function of forward rapidity gap width, p_T, and multiplicity in γPb and IP Pb enriched samples, comparing to prior pp, pPb, and γp data plus event generators.
Predictions for collective flow in O-O collisions at 5.36 TeV are generated with SMASH-vHLLE hybrid, pure SMASH, and Angantyr models to probe the onset of QGP formation in small systems.
Systematic comparison of three event generators shows they describe photoproduction data adequately, with PYTHIA and SHERPA performing best, and identifies photon PDF refits plus RIVET measurements as prerequisites for EIC precision.
citing papers explorer
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Centrality dependence of charged-hadron pseudorapidity distributions in oxygen-oxygen collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$ = 5.36 TeV
First measurement of dNch/dη in OO collisions at 5.36 TeV yields midrapidity densities of 41.8 overall and 135 in central events, consistent with PbPb per participant but showing deviations from simple scaling.
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Energy-energy correlators in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV
First measurement of two-point EEC in 20-80 GeV/c charged jets in p-Pb collisions shows modification relative to pp at the same energy, with enhancement at large angles and suppression at small angles in the 20-40 GeV/c range.
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Bayesian Constraints on Pre-Equilibrium Jet Quenching and Predictions for Oxygen Collisions
Bayesian constraints on early-time jet quenching from large collision systems yield predictions of measurable energy loss in oxygen-oxygen collisions.
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A First Account of the Impact of Ion Electromagnetic Dissociation on Event Exclusivity in Ultraperipheral LHC Collisions
Hadrons from ion electromagnetic dissociation break exclusivity conditions in ultraperipheral collisions, resolving tensions in exclusive muon-pair and coherent J/ψ measurements at the LHC.
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Measurement of charged-particle production in $\sqrt{s_\text{NN}}=9.62$ TeV proton-oxygen collisions as a probe of cosmic-ray air showers with the ATLAS detector
ATLAS measured charged-particle production in 9.62 TeV p-O collisions, yielding a fiducial pO cross section of 396 mb and extrapolated p-air inelastic cross section of 406 mb, with distributions an order of magnitude more precise than hadronic model differences.
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Measure charge transport in high-energy nuclear collisions with an energy scan of isobaric collisions
An energy scan of isobaric collisions provides a double-ratio method to measure electric charge transport rapidity dependence, with simulations showing exponential decrease and model-dependent slopes distinct from baryon transport.
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Equilibrium Statistics as Conditional Laws and Conservation-Induced Correlations
A conditional probability framework derives Maxwell-Boltzmann, Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac statistics plus conservation-induced covariances from saddle-point marginals, then uses orthogonal projections to isolate conservation effects in PYTHIA-simulated p+Pb events.
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Geometric Bias and Centrality Dependence of Jet Quenching in High-Energy Nuclear Collisions
Suppression of high-pT hadrons in peripheral Pb+Pb collisions is predominantly driven by initial-state geometric bias rather than final-state jet quenching.
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Validating a Machine Learning Approach to Identify Quenched Jets in Heavy-Ion Collisions
An LSTM model trained on simulated jet substructure learns to predict true jet energy loss and distinguishes quenching signatures even after realistic detector effects are applied.
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Equilibrated fraction of QCD matter in high-energy oxygen--oxygen collisions
The equilibrated core in O+O collisions overtakes the nonequilibrium corona above midrapidity multiplicity of about 20, yet corona contributions persist in central events, making pure hydrodynamics inadequate.
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Physics-informed neural network (PINN) modeling of charged particle multiplicity using the two-component framework in heavy-ion collisions: A comparison with data-driven neural networks
A PINN constrained by the two-component multiplicity model learns the hard-scattering fraction from Zr+Zr events and predicts N_ch more accurately than a data-driven NN on unseen Ru+Ru and Au+Au collisions.
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Two-particle cumulant distribution: a simulation study of higher moments
Simulations show non-flow two-particle cumulant distributions have high skewness and kurtosis while true elliptic flow distributions are closer to Gaussian with lower values.
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Dependence of two-particle azimuthal correlations on the forward rapidity gap width in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$ = 8.16 TeV
CMS measures V_nΔ in pPb events at √s_NN = 8.16 TeV as a function of forward rapidity gap width, p_T, and multiplicity in γPb and IP Pb enriched samples, comparing to prior pp, pPb, and γp data plus event generators.
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Collective effects in O-O and Ne-Ne collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$=5.36 TeV from a hybrid approach
Predictions for collective flow in O-O collisions at 5.36 TeV are generated with SMASH-vHLLE hybrid, pure SMASH, and Angantyr models to probe the onset of QGP formation in small systems.
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Photoproduction in general-purpose event generators
Systematic comparison of three event generators shows they describe photoproduction data adequately, with PYTHIA and SHERPA performing best, and identifies photon PDF refits plus RIVET measurements as prerequisites for EIC precision.