Millicharged particles weaken pulsational pair-instability in massive stars, shifting the lower edge of the black hole mass gap upward and turning gravitational wave observations into a probe for particles with masses 35-200 keV and charges 10^{-10} to 10^{-9}.
Astrophysical Bounds on Milli-Charged Particles in Models with a Paraphoton
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abstract
The upper bound on the number of relativistic species present at nucleosynthesis has been used to constrain particles with electric charge $\epsilon e$ ($10^{-8} < \epsilon <1$). We correct the bound previously calculated for milli-charged particles that interact with a shadow photon. We also discuss the additional constraints from the properties of red giants and of Supernova 1987A.
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Calculations show millicharged particles from supernovae can produce over 10 electron-recoil events per year in major detectors for millicharge 10^{-9} and sub-MeV to MeV masses, improving SN cooling bounds by up to an order of magnitude.
Semi-analytical fits are derived for millicharged particle energy-loss rates in three regimes relevant to pre-supernova stellar cores.
Resonant exponential growth of millicharged scalars in k²>0 electromagnetic waves is obtained by mapping the Klein-Gordon equation to the Mathieu equation, yielding new constraints on such particles.
Planetary thunderstorms yield constraints on millicharged particles with the strongest bound q > 10^{-24} for bosonic mCPs from Saturn's layered clouds.
New upper bounds on millicharged particles (masses 10-100 keV, charges down to 5e-13) from the AGB-to-HB star ratio in globular clusters, improving prior limits by up to two orders of magnitude.
citing papers explorer
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The Black Hole Mass Gap as a New Probe of Millicharged Particles
Millicharged particles weaken pulsational pair-instability in massive stars, shifting the lower edge of the black hole mass gap upward and turning gravitational wave observations into a probe for particles with masses 35-200 keV and charges 10^{-10} to 10^{-9}.
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Direct Detection of Millicharged Particles from Supernovae
Calculations show millicharged particles from supernovae can produce over 10 electron-recoil events per year in major detectors for millicharge 10^{-9} and sub-MeV to MeV masses, improving SN cooling bounds by up to an order of magnitude.
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Millicharged Particle Production During Late-Stage Stellar Evolution
Semi-analytical fits are derived for millicharged particle energy-loss rates in three regimes relevant to pre-supernova stellar cores.
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Resonant production of millicharged scalars in $k^2>0$ electromagnetic wave background
Resonant exponential growth of millicharged scalars in k²>0 electromagnetic waves is obtained by mapping the Klein-Gordon equation to the Mathieu equation, yielding new constraints on such particles.
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Constraints on millicharged particles from thunderstorms on the Solar system planets
Planetary thunderstorms yield constraints on millicharged particles with the strongest bound q > 10^{-24} for bosonic mCPs from Saturn's layered clouds.
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Millicharged Particle Constraints from Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars
New upper bounds on millicharged particles (masses 10-100 keV, charges down to 5e-13) from the AGB-to-HB star ratio in globular clusters, improving prior limits by up to two orders of magnitude.