Scalarized Kerr-Newman black holes develop an inner photon shell that produces an additional critical curve and distinct crescent-like higher-order images unlike those in Kerr spacetime.
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Three distinct non-minimal curvature-EM couplings produce different enlargements or reductions of black hole shadows and alter photon ring separations in characteristic ways.
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Optical Appearance of Scalarized Kerr-Newman Black Holes with Multiple Light Rings
Scalarized Kerr-Newman black holes develop an inner photon shell that produces an additional critical curve and distinct crescent-like higher-order images unlike those in Kerr spacetime.
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Photon rings and shadows of black holes with non-minimal couplings between curvature and electromagnetic field
Three distinct non-minimal curvature-EM couplings produce different enlargements or reductions of black hole shadows and alter photon ring separations in characteristic ways.