A review of interstellar dust production, destruction, accretion, and depletion that concludes dust growth in cold clouds is critical and high-redshift dust budgets remain poorly constrained.
Galactic Evolution of Nitrogen
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abstract
We present detailed spectroscopic analysis of nitrogen abundances in 31 unevolved metal-poor stars analysed by spectral synthesis of the near-UV NH band at 3360 A observed at high resolution with various telescopes. We found that [N/Fe] scales with that of iron in the metallicity range -3.1 < [Fe/H] <0 with the slope 0.01+-0.02. Furthermore, we derive uniform and accurate (N/O) ratios using oxygen abundances from near-UV OH lines obtained in our previous studies. We find that a primary component of nitrogen is required to explain the observations. The NH lines are discovered in the VLT/UVES spectra of the very metal-poor subdwarfs G64-12 and LP815-43 indicating that these stars are N rich. The results are compared with theoretical models and observations of extragalactic HII regions and Damped Ly$\alpha$ systems. This is the first direct comparison of the (N/O) ratios in these objects with those in Galactic stars.
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Interstellar dust production, destruction and effects of dust depletion in galaxies
A review of interstellar dust production, destruction, accretion, and depletion that concludes dust growth in cold clouds is critical and high-redshift dust budgets remain poorly constrained.