Gravitational null rays are quantized in a diffeomorphism-covariant way using the gravitational dressing time as quantum reference frame, producing a Virasoro crossed-product algebra of gauge-invariant observables.
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A modified semiclassical holographic dictionary is used to construct an extended gravitational path integral that factorizes, reproduces the Page curve for entropy, and includes operators for baby universe states.
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Gravitational null rays: Covariant Quantization and the Dressing Time
Gravitational null rays are quantized in a diffeomorphism-covariant way using the gravitational dressing time as quantum reference frame, producing a Virasoro crossed-product algebra of gauge-invariant observables.
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How to have your wormholes and factorize, too
A modified semiclassical holographic dictionary is used to construct an extended gravitational path integral that factorizes, reproduces the Page curve for entropy, and includes operators for baby universe states.