Confined flares exhibit total Lorentz force change below 1.8 × 10^22 dyne along the PIL, separating them from eruptive flares in a sample of 37 major events observed 2011-2017.
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2 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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Persistent same-polarity flux emergences drove collisional shearing and cancellations at a PIL, accumulating free energy and forming MFRs that produced multiple large flares including X9.0, with a pre-flare drop in photospheric free-energy area as a possible precursor.
citing papers explorer
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Photospheric Lorentz force changes in eruptive and confined solar flares
Confined flares exhibit total Lorentz force change below 1.8 × 10^22 dyne along the PIL, separating them from eruptive flares in a sample of 37 major events observed 2011-2017.
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Magnetic Evolution of Highly-Sheared Region in Active Region 13842 Producing Large X9.0 Flare
Persistent same-polarity flux emergences drove collisional shearing and cancellations at a PIL, accumulating free energy and forming MFRs that produced multiple large flares including X9.0, with a pre-flare drop in photospheric free-energy area as a possible precursor.