A sawtooth coupling active during reheating can generate blue-tilted magnetic fields whose secondary gravitational waves peak at nanohertz to millihertz frequencies.
Magnetic field generation from bubble collisions during first-order phase transition
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We study the magnetic fields generation from the cosmological first-order electroweak phase transition. We calculate the magnetic field induced by the variation of the Higgs phase for two bubbles and three bubbles collisions. Our study shows that electromagnetic currents in the collision direction produce the ring-like magnetic field in the intersect regions of colliding bubbles, which may seed the primordial magnetic field that are constrained by intergalatic field observations.
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Magnetogenesis from Sawtooth Coupling: Gravitational Wave Probe of Reheating
A sawtooth coupling active during reheating can generate blue-tilted magnetic fields whose secondary gravitational waves peak at nanohertz to millihertz frequencies.