A varying speed of light in FLRW is presented as gauge freedom via the lapse function, but the key variational derivation omits the √-g measure and the claimed Hubble-tension resolution contradicts Eq. (30).
Cosmic distance duality as a probe of minimally extended varying speed of light
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abstract
We obtain the current constraint on the minimally extended varying speed of light (meVSL) model by analyzing cosmic distance duality relation (CCDDR) of it, $D_{L}/D_{A}(1+z)^{-2} = (1+z)^{b/8}$. We use the Pantheon type Ia supernova (SNIa) data, the Hubble parameter $H(z)$ using the cosmic chronometers approach, and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) distance priors from the latest Planck data. We find that the current data show the 1-$\sigma$ deviation from the standard CCDDR. Thus, this provides the constraint on meVSL model and future precision observations might be able to put stronger constraints on it.
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Revisiting Varying Speed of Light in Cosmology: Insights from the Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker Metric
A varying speed of light in FLRW is presented as gauge freedom via the lapse function, but the key variational derivation omits the √-g measure and the claimed Hubble-tension resolution contradicts Eq. (30).