The mid-rapidity curvature of Δv₁^even(p − p̄) is proposed as a robust discriminator of initial-state baryon rapidity profiles motivated by double-junction stopping.
Beam energy dependence of rapidity-even dipolar flow in Au+Au collisions
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abstract
New measurements of directed flow for charged hadrons, characterized by the Fourier coefficient \vone, are presented for transverse momenta $\mathrm{p_T}$, and centrality intervals in Au+Au collisions recorded by the STAR experiment for the center-of-mass energy range $\mathrm{\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}} = 7.7 - 200$ GeV. The measurements underscore the importance of momentum conservation and the characteristic dependencies on $\mathrm{\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}}$, centrality and $\mathrm{p_T}$ are consistent with the expectations of geometric fluctuations generated in the initial stages of the collision, acting in concert with a hydrodynamic-like expansion. The centrality and $\mathrm{p_T}$ dependencies of $\mathrm{v^{even}_{1}}$, as well as an observed similarity between its excitation function and that for $\mathrm{v_3}$, could serve as constraints for initial-state models. The $\mathrm{v^{even}_{1}}$ excitation function could also provide an important supplement to the flow measurements employed for precision extraction of the temperature dependence of the specific shear viscosity.
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Rapidity-even directed flow splitting of protons and antiprotons as a probe of baryon stopping in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
The mid-rapidity curvature of Δv₁^even(p − p̄) is proposed as a robust discriminator of initial-state baryon rapidity profiles motivated by double-junction stopping.